On the distribution of some interesting weevil species (Coleoptera: Apionidae, Curculionidae) in Poland
by
Piotr Bialooki, Sopot
with 19 figures

Abstract
New records of  52 rare species of  Apionidae and Curculionidae, predominantly from northern Poland are given. Most of them are recorded for the first time from particular regions. Anthonomus germanicus Dieckm. and Acallocrates colonnellii Bahr discovered on isolated northernmost localities of entire range of these species. Perapion oblongum (Gyll.) and Microplontus melanostigma (Marsh.) (syn. Microplontus figuratus (Gyll.)) once recognized as rare species, are actually common in northern Poland.

Streszczenie
W pracy niniejszej podano dane o rozmieszczeniu 52 rzadkich gatunków Apionidae i Curculionidae, głównie z północnej Polski. Większość z nich wykazano po raz pierwszy z poszczególnych krain. Potwierdzono stare, ogólnikowe doniesienia o występowaniu Acallocrates colonnellii Bahr (syn. A. denticollis auct., nec Germar, 1824) w „Prusach”. Na izolowanym stanowisku (Toruń), wysuniętym znacznie poza północną granicę zasięgu, wykryto Anthonomus germanicus Dieckm. Perapion oblongum (Gall.) i Microplontus melanostigma (Marsh.) (syn. M. rugulosus auct., nec Herbst, 1795) uznawane za gatunki rzadkie, w północnej Polsce występują dość pospolicie.

Keywords
Faunistic records, Coleoptera, Apionidae, Curculionidae, Poland.

Introduction and methods

All specimens, mentioned below were collected by me (with the exception of one specimen) and are kept in my collection. Nomenclature and definition of regions by Katalog Fauny Polski [Burakowski, Mroczkowski, Stefańska 1992]. Unless otherwise noted in text, data on distribution of species are based on abovementioned work and that of Mazur [Mazur 2001]. Regions are marked with an asterisk (*) if a particular species is recorded for the first time from there.
I would like to thank T. Konefał (Toruń) for the specimen of Anthonomus germanicus, Dr. W.Ejanowski (Toruń) for determination of its host plant , Dr. W.Giłka (Gdańsk) for making photos and Dr. M.Wanat (Wrocław) for critical review of the manuscript.
Weevils (Curculionoidea) of Poland are generally well known. Many faunistic papers were published in recent years and summarized in the fundamental Katalog Fauny Polski (Catalogus Coleopterorum Poloniae) [Burakowski et al. 1992], [Burakowski et al. 1993], [Burakowski et al. 1995], [Burakowski et al. 1997]. However, field studies were carried out predominantly in southern and eastern parts of the country. In present work, I give new data on the distribution of 52 species, mainly from northern Poland.

Results

Perapion oblongum (Gyllenhal, 1839) [Fig. W29.1]
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 19.08.1990, 9exx.; 08.09.1990, 12exx.;
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Kiełpino (S Kartuzy), 12.08.1995, 39exx.; Grudziądz-Mniszek, 01.08.1995, 5exx.;
Pojezierze Mazurskie: Hartowiec (NW Działdowo), 02.08.1996, 1ex.;
Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Mała Nieszawka (W Toruń), 09.07.1992, 1ex.
Recently separated from P. curtirostre (Germar, 1817), so its distribution remains obscure. Dieckmann recognized it as a rare species connected with moist habitats [Dieckmann 1977]. In northern Poland usually in dry places, frequently in numerous populations.

Kalcapion pallipes (Kirby, 1908) [Fig. W29.2]
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 17.05.1997, 1ex.;
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Babi Dół reserve (SE Kartuzy), 24.07.1995, 3exx.; 12.08.1995, 9exx.

Squamapion hoffmanni (Wagner, 1904) [Fig. W29.3]: male-left; female-right;
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Somonino (S Kartuzy), 16.08.1995, 6exx.;
*Pojezierze Mazurskie: Hartowiec (NW Działdowo), 02.08.1996, 6exx.;
So far, known in Poland from the southern part of the country only, and in the north exclusively from lower Vistula river valley.

Ceratapion austriacum (Wagner, 1904)
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Swiecie, 11.07.1996, 1ex.;
Pojezierze Mazurskie: Olsztyn, 14.10.1978, 1ex.; 17.05.1979, 1ex.; Gąski (N Ełk), 01.08.1992, 2exx.; Hartowiec (NW Działdowo), 02.08.1996, 4exx.
Only recently - see [Mazur 2001] - recorded from a few localities in northern Poland.

Cyanapion afer (Gyllenhal, 1833) [Fig. W29.4]
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Babi Dół reserve (SE Kartuzy), 24.07.1995, 8exx.; 12.08.1995, 6exx.

Oxystoma ochropus (Germar, 1818)
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk-Lipce: 13.08.1995, 1ex.

Dodecastichus inflatus (Gyllenhal, 1834)
Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 3-10.06.1981, 11exx.;
Pojezierze Mazurskie: Nowa Wieś (near Toruń), 05.07.1992, 1ex.;
Mountainous species, most probably transported by Vistula river. Possibly, century-old Wendeler’s record [Burakowski et al. 1993] concerns the same locality. If so, this isolated population is very stable.

Otiorhynchus hormuzachii Penecke, 1935
Beskid Zachodni: Leluchów (S Muszyna), 29.06.1995, 16exx.
Bisexual form of O. ligustici (L.) or distinct species - the problem of parthenogenetic species is still far from being solved. Rare form, endemic for certain areas of western Carpathians.

Otiorhynchus cornicinus Stierlin, 1861 (= laevigatus (Fabricius, 1792)) [Fig. W29.5]: left;

*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Subkowy (S Tczew), 22.07.1996, 25exx.;
Recorded from the south of Poland only. Probably introduced only recently, as indicated by very limited finding area along railway. Synonymization after Colonnelli [Colonnelli 2003].

Otiorhynchus tenebricosus (Herbst, 1874)
*Pojezierze Mazurskie: Olsztyn, 21.08.1977, 14exx.; 06.09.1977, 8exx.; 23.06.2000, 37exx.;
Surely introduced species occurs in Olsztyn in abundance both in urban areas on cultivated plants (Syringa vulgaris L. and to a lesser degree on Philadelphus coronarius L.) and in wild habitats along Łyna river, where feeding on Geum urbanum L. was observed. It is impossible to judge, basing on a single observation, if this plant belongs in NE Poland to the feeding spectrum of the form lugdunensis Boheman, 1843, strongly connected in western Europe with Syringa vulgaris L. [Dieckmann 1980]. However, certain details of biology of the species on this very isolated locality might be different from that within the continuous range of the species.

Synonymization of O. lugdunensis Boh. with O. tenebricosus (Herbst, 1834) [Magnano 2001] is followed here tentatively, because of morphological and especially ecological distinctness of the form lugdunensis Boh., not exclusively in Poland.

Otiorhynchus porcatus (Herbst, 1795) [Fig. W29.5]: right;
*Pojezierze Mazurskie: Olsztyn, June to September, 1977-1979, 8exx.;
The first record of this rare species in NE Poland. While recording this species from SE Poland (Lublin) repeats nebulous [Cmoluch 1991]; Łomnicki mentions “Prussia” [Łomnicki 1913].

Otiorhynchus rugosostriatus (Goeze, 1777) [Fig. W29.6]
Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 29.08.1990, 3exx.; in backyard garden.
The second record from the seashore region in Poland. For the first time given by [Kania and Zawadzki, 1994]. Undoubtedly introduced recently.

Otiorhynchus austriacus (Fabricius, 1801)
Beskid Zachodni: Muszyna, 19.06.1995, 3exx.

Otiorhynchus pinastri (Herbst, 1795) [Fig. W29.7]: right;
Beskid Wschodni: Dybawka (near Przemyśl), 12.06.1985, 11exx.; 23.06.1998, 99exx.

Until recently, very rare in Poland. In last several years recorded from few localities in the vicinity of Sanok and Przemyśl (SE Poland). Expanding species, possibly not without human’s help. In 1985 the species was collected on a very small area - narrow strip of a few dozen meters along a road, while already 13 years later on a vast area.

Otiorhynchus smreczynskii Cmoluch, 1968 [Fig. W29.7]: left;
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 22.08.1990, 3exx.; 05.06.1993, > 100exx.
Detected in one city quarter only, predominantly on Ligustrum L. Undoubtedly introduced recently.

Otiorhynchus coarctatus Stierlin, 1861 [Fig. W29.8]: left;
*Beskid Wschodni: Przemyśl, 27.05.1984, 2exx.
So far, known in Poland from Pieniny Mts. and Poprad river valley only, about 200km W of Przemyśl. It is hard to say if there is a real disjunction between these localities and the present one. If so, western localities would be the result of migration of O. coarctatus across Carpathians, while eastern locality (Przemyśl) would be connected with migration route along outer (northern) slopes of Carpathians as Petryszak presumes for other species [Petryszak 1982]. In favour of this hypothesis seems to be the detection of the species under discussion in Kamjanec Podilskij (Ukraine, Podolia, 25.06.1996, 1ex., leg. P. Bialooki), east of Carpathians. Another record from outer side of Carpathians in Ukraine is Wołowa Mt. in Miodobory Range [Mazur & Kuśka 1995]. Locality “Szin”, given by Endroedi turned out to be absent on maps available for me [Endroedi 1961], but with high level of probability it is located inside Carpathian Basin.

Omias puberulus Boheman, 1843 [Fig. W29.9]
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Swiecie, 11.07.1996, 1ex.
Nizina Wielkopolsko- Kujawska: Toruń, 12.06.1992, 3exx.; 10.05.1993, 12exx.
In Poland, known from southern part of the country. In the north probably along Vistula river valley only. The name puberulus Boh. instead of rotundatus F. after [Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999].

Liophloeus tessulatus (Mueller, 1776)
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Babi Dół reserve (SE Kartuzy), 24.07.1995, 1ex.;
Pojezierze Mazurskie: Solanka (N Kętrzyn), 01.07.1978, 1ex.

Brachysomus setiger (Gyllenhal, 1840)
Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Pszczółki (NW Tczew), 14.06.1993, 2exx.;
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Swiecie, 11.07.1997, 7exx.;
Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Mała Nieszawka (W Toruń), 24.07.1997, 1ex.; Złotoria (E Toruń), 21.06.1992, 1ex.
Documented localities of the species lie in southern and middle parts of Poland only. Recorded from Gdańsk in 19^th century, but Burakowski et al. comment: “Probably basing on misidentification” [Burakowski et al. 1993]. Wanat expressed the same opinion [Wanat 1994]. In the light of hereby given data, there is no basis to question this old record. An excellent example of the role of Vistula river valley as migration route.

Tropiphorus micans Boheman, 1842 [Fig. W29.10]
Beskid Zachodni: Muszyna, 19.06.1995, 1ex.
Very rare species, with the same distribution pattern in Poland as Otiorhynchus coarctatus (see above) and identical questions concerning origin of Polish populations.

Lixus myagri Olivier, 1807 [Fig. W29.11]
Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Toruń-Podgórz, 17.05.1993, 1ex.

Neoglanis maculatus (Redtenbacher, 1842) [Fig. W29.8]: right;
Beskid Zachodni: Leluchów (S Muszyna), 03.07.1995, 1ex.
The name Neoglanis Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal, 1999 instead of Donus Jekel, 1865 after [Zaslavskij 1959] and [Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999].

Donus dauci (Olivier, 1807) [Fig. W29.12]
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Nowy Barkoczyn (E Kościerzyna). 23.05.1993, 1ex.
The second known locality in this region.

Pseudophloeophagus aeneopiceus (Boheman, 1845)
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk, 08.03.1981, 8.exx.; 15.10.1990, 2exx.
Extremely rare species in Poland - known from 3 localities only. In Gdańsk, in both cases, collected from a wooden basement construction.

Pselactus spadix (Herbst, 1795)
Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk, 20.01.1993, 33exx.

Collected in the same circumstances as previous species.

Rhyncolus punctatulus Boheman, 1838
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk, Sopot, 1989-1993, > 200exx.
In Gdańsk and Sopot the species occurs in abundance, but only on street trees. Polyphagous feeder on many species of deciduous trees, including introduced Acer negundo L. from North America.

Phloeophagus turbatus Schoenherr, 1845
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk, 17.12.1990, 3exx. in a stump of Aesculus hippocastanum L.

Bagous longitarsis Thomson, 1868
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Grabowskie Lake (E Kościerzyna), 10.11.1999, 34 exx.

One out of a few weevil species, collected far more frequently in northern Poland than in the south of the country.

Bagous glabrirostris (Herbst, 1795)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Sitno (E Kartuzy), 12.11.1999, 3exx.; 27.11.1999, 2exx.

Bagous robustus H. Brisout, 1863 [Fig. W29.13]: left;
*Pojezierze Mazurskie: Olsztyn, 01.06.1979, 1ex.; 02.04.1980, 1ex.; 21.04.1980, 1ex.; 30.04.1980, 1ex.

Bagous binodulus (Herbst, 1795) [Fig.W29.13]: right;
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Sitno (E Kartuzy), 12.11.1999, 2exx.; 27.11.1999, 1ex.;

Tychius trivialis Boheman, 1843
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdynia-Kolibki, 05.09.1996, 4exx.

Tychius lineatulus Stephens, 1831 [Fig. W29.14]
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Gorzuchowo (S Grudziądz), 08.08.1995, 2exx.

Anthonomus germanicus Dieckmann, 1968 [Fig. W29.15]
*Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Toruń, 12.06.2003, 1ex.; leg. T.Konefał; 21.04.2004, 4exx.; leg. T.Konefał & P.Białooki. – Habitat: [Fig. W29.19]
Nearest known localities of this non-winged species are in the vicinity of Cracow i.e. 300 km to the south. Moreover, Mazur guesses that two localities within Cracow probably do not exist any longer [Mazur 2001]. A. germanicus Dieckm., a rare and local species, is known to occur in the area between middle Germany and lower Volga river. Probably an oligophagous feeder on Potentilla L. - records of P. arenaria Borkh. and P. verna L. are known [Burakowski et al. 1995], so the probability of introduction with host plant is minute. In Toruń, found on P. arenaria growing there in large areas.
Recently, another species of the subgenus Anthonomidius Rtt. was detected in northern Poland for the first time [Wanat, Szypula 1998] - A. rubripes Gyllenhal, 1836. Nearest known localities of this species are located in Slovakia. In both cases, origin of such isolated populations remains completely obscure.

Acallocrates colonnellii Bahr, 2004
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Sopot, 17.04.1998, 1ex.
Recorded as A. denticollis (Germar, 1824) [Burakowski et al. 1995]. Despite several subsequent attempts, this is the only specimen from the locality cited. It was found under unusual circumstances - under the bark of Aesculus hippocastanum L. ca 1.5 m above ground level, on the edge of a mixed forest.
Given by former German authors, e.g. [Reitter 1916] from “Prussia”. In Poland, so far, documented data exclusively from the very south of the country. It is hard to explain possible disjunctive occurrence of A. colonnellii along southern Baltic Seashore. Possibly, the species under discussion occurs in middle Poland, too. On the other hand, selected forests in the middle of Poland were recently subject to very comprehensive field researches, but with no results as far as Acallocrates Rtt. is concerned.

Eubrychius velutus (Beck, 1817)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Grabowskie Lake (E Kościerzyna), 10.11.1999, 34exx.

Pelenomus leucogaster (Marsham, 1802)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Grabowskie Lake (E Kościerzyna), 10.11.1999, 4exx.

Rhinoncus henningsi Wagner, 1936
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdynia- Kolibki, 31.07.1996, 3exx.; 04.08.1996, 31 exx.
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Kiełpino (S Kartuzy), 12.08.1995, 7exx.; 17.08.1995, 24exx.;
Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Mała Nieszawka (W Toruń), 15.05.1997, 23 exx.
Species not recorded from northern and middle Poland by former authors. Relatively not far ago described, and then it remained little known for a long time. Only recently a number of new localities with usually abundant populations were detected.

Homorosoma validirostre (Gyllenhal, 1837)
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdynia, 14.07.1995, 3exx.; swept from Polygonum amphibium L. at a dry, somewhat ruderal place.
Wyżyna Małopolska: Chotel Czerwony (S Busko-Zdrój), 06.06.1998, 4exx.
Collected in similar circumstances as previous species. Probably Polygonum amphibium is a host plant of H. validirostre (Gyll.).

Thamiocolus vidutus (Gyllenhal, 1813)
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Marszewo Lake (SW Ustka), 24.11. 1999, 1ex.
Ceutorhynchus dubius Ch. Brisout, 1883

Pojezierze Pomorskie: Lębork, 06.08.1995, 1ex.;
*Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Toruń, 17.05.1992, 1ex.

Ceutorhynchus griseus Ch. Brisout, 1869 [Fig. W29.16]
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Nowe Polaszki (SE Kościerzyna), 26.07.1995, 1ex.
The second locality of this rare species in Pomorskie Lakeland.

Ceutorhynchus querceti (Gyllenhal, 1813) [Fig. W29.17]
*Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Złotoria (E Toruń), 21.06.1995, 1ex.

Datonychus angulosus (Boheman, 1845) [Fig. W29.18]
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Miszewo (N Żukowo), 14.11.1999, 1ex.; Hutowe Lake SE Kościerzyna), 26.07.1995, 1ex.

Datonychus arquatus (Herbst, 1795)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Tuchomskie Lake (W Sopot), 15.08.2000, 34exx.; Babi Dół reserve (SE Kartuzy), 2exx.

Microplontus melanostigma (Marsham, 1802)
Pojezierze Pomorskie: Grudziądz-Mniszek, 01.08.1995, 5exx.; 08.08.1995, 4exx.;
*Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Toruń; Włocławek, May-Juli 1992-1993,> 50exx.
In Poland, distinguishable from closely allied M. rugulosus (Herbst, 1795); differs from that species by external morphology, structure of aedeagus and biology - connected with Artemisia vulgaris L. and A. absinthium L. [Smreczyński 1974], whereas C. rugulosus with Matricaria L. My specimens of M. melanostigma were collected almost exclusively from A. vulgaris. M. melanostigma, once recognized as rare species, is actually common, I collected it far more frequently than M. rugulosus. M. figuratus Gyllenhal, 1837 was synonymized with M. rugulosus by Abbazzi et al. and Colonnelli with no comments [Abbazzi et al. 1995]; [Colonnelli 1998]. Wanat & Mokrzycki explained the case in detail [Wanat, Mokrzycki 2005].

Trichosirocalus horridus (Panzer, 1801)
Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdańsk-Lipce, 01.08.1996, 1ex.
The second locality of this species in Gdańsk, 10km south of the first one [Burakowski et al., 1997] The species shows a curious distribution pattern in Poland - other known localities are located in southern part of the country.

Calosirus apicalis (Gyllenhal, 1827)
*Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska: Złotoria (E Toruń), 21.06.1995, 1ex.

Mecinus janthinus Germar, 1821
*Pobrzeże Bałtyku: Gdynia, 14.07.1995, 1ex.; 16.08.2003, 1ex.

Pseudorchestes pratensis (Germar, 1821)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Gorzuchowo (S Grudziądz), 08.08.1995, 21 exx.

Pseudorchestes ermischi (Dieckmann, 1958)
*Pojezierze Mazurskie: Olsztyn, 15.05.1979, 1ex.; 17.05.1979, 6exx.; 27.05.1980, 1ex.; Hartowiec (NW Działdowo), 28.07.1996, 1ex.; 02.08.1996, 5exx.

Pseudorchestes smreczynskii (Dieckmann, 1958)
*Pojezierze Pomorskie: Gruczno (N Bydgoszcz), 20.08.1996, 12exx.
Pojezierze Mazurskie: Hartowiec (NW Działdowo), 02.08.1996, 19exx.
Species detected in Poland only recently. Recorded from several localities in eastern Poland [Wanat, Szypula 1998]. Population in Gruczno was discovered by M. Mazur (Cracow).

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Address of the author:
State Plant Health and Seed Inspection Service
Border Division Gdynia
81-336 Gdynia, Dokerow 5 Street
P.O. Box 245, Poland
e-mail: og-gdynia@piorin.gov.pl (office)
pbialooki@poczta.onet.pl (personal)