Status and assessment of neozoans in Germany
Investigation of the impact of biology and genetics of selected neozoans on ecosystems and comparison with potential effects of genetically modified organisms

Abstract

The terminology was revised, the phenomenon of animals displaced by man was discussed on the background of general faunal history.

A first consistent survey of neozoans (alien species) in Germany is given. A databank developed in the framework of this project contains 1322 neozoans, 262 being already established (agriozoans). The final number most likely will be higher. Information is presented on status, origin and mode of import, first record, further spreading, literature.

Selected species of geese (Anatidae) were investigated concerning distribution, population dynamics, population genetics, hybrids, competitive behaviour. In general Neozoans have a considerable influence by their great number and wide distribution, and in special cases by the impact of single species. This refers to the use of neozoans on one hand but mainly refers to economic and medical risks. Depending on species and habitats taken into consideration the influence on ecosystems and biodiversity can be strikingly different. This makes it necessary to focus on single case studies.

A prognosis about the next successful arrivals and their consequences is not possible. In this respect neozoans resemble accidentally escaped genetically modified organisms.
Therefore further import of neozoans should be stopped or minimised, agriozoans should be contained; legal regulations must be harmonised; public awareness should be focussed on potential risks without exaggerations; the database should be constantly actualised; impact assessment for potential animal introductions and monitoring should be strengthened. A central co-ordination of the many fields and institutions involved in Germany is urgently needed.

Keywords

neozoans, invasive species, alien, non-native, animal, ecology, zoogeography

Fulltext

Bestandsaufnahme und Bewertung von Neozoen in Deutschland